What is a patch?

A patch can be an upgrade (adding increased features), a bug fix, a new hardware driver or update to address new issues such as security or stability problems. While most patches are free to download, ultimately the developer will determine which versions of their software will be updated for free (older releases of a program usually get fewer updates). In some cases, only registered users may get certain upgrades, and at other times the only way to upgrade is to purchase the newer version at a discounted upgrade price (and requiring a reinstallation of the program). Typically, a patch can be installed over the top of an existing program, but again this will depend on the supplier and the nature of the patch. Unless otherwise stated, patches and updates on this site are for PCs using English language settings.

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Site Map

A quick search on Google for advice on creating a site map initially threw up many links to software you could buy or download for free to create a site map.
But why do you need a site map?

Basically as websites get larger and more complex both the human browser and the search engine spiders need an easy to follow map to find all the pages within your site. A site map gives them a simple navigational tool.

Site maps have 3 main benefits:
1) A site map allows visitors to easily find what they are looking for by simply visiting your site map and clicking on the link to go directly to the page they want to visit.
2) Often technologies employed to assist in reading webpages such as web page readers and screen readers can only follow text links. For practical reasons it may not always be possible to show a text link to every other page within your site on your main page and other pages within your website and so use a site map.
3) Search engine spiders like text and text links. If they cannot follow a text link to a page of your site it may not get indexed. Make it easy for the spider to index all your pages through a site map.
A site map consists of the two things search engines love - text and keywords. To build a good site map combine relevant keywords with a hyper text links. For example on your site map you may have a link to your webpage about website promotion so your hyperlink should contains the words 'website promotion' and link directly to that page within your site.
A site map does not need and indeed should not be fancy, but should be clear and easy to navigate.

Here are some tips for a good site map:
1. Place a prominent link to your site map on every page and lable it SITE MAP.
2. It should show all your webpages through different levels as basic text links.
3. Use standard colours for links and visited links.
4. It should show a quick, easy to follow over view of the site without the need to scroll around in the web browser.
Google started allowing people to submit site maps to their account as a way of letting google know about all your webpages and updates to your site. It does not increase your page ranking at all but is worth taking the time to set up properly.

You can find free software for creating site maps at:

http://www.likno.com/sitemap.html
http://www.freesitemapgenerator.com
http://www.sitemapspal.com

And when you are done, don't forget to tell Google about your site map so they can trawl and hopefully index all the pages of your site.

http://www.google.com/webmasters/sitemaps/login

A well planned site map can ensure your Web site is fully indexed by search engines.

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Meta Tag

A meta tag is a tag (that is, a coding statement) in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) that describes some aspect of the contents of a Web page. The information that you provide in a meta tag is used by search engines to index a page so that someone searching for the kind of information the page contains will be able to find it. The meta tag is placed near the top of the HTML in a Web page as part of the heading.

There are several kinds of meta tags, but the most important for search engine indexing are the keywords meta tag and the description meta tag. The keywords meta tag lists the words or phrases that best describe the contents of the page. The description meta tag includes a brief one- or two-sentence description of the page. Both the keywords and the description are used by search engines in adding a page to their index. Some search engines also use the description to show the searcher a summary of the page's contents.
Although most search engines also use the contents of a page as a way to determine how to index it, the creator of a Web page should be sure to include meta tags with appropriate keywords and description. Well-written meta tags can help make the page rank higher in search results. 

As we known, meta keyword is one important way to optimize your website search ranking. Search engines use meta keyword to filter sites for the search result of querry occured by their search tool. If your keywords is bad, click rate of your site in search result low, your rank will be lower, lower and may be banned out of the list. So, is meta-keyword important?

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PCI to IEEE-1394 Ports Adapter

This 1394 card has high performance Serial Bus based on IEEE 1394 chipset. It provides a high-performance IEEE 1394-1995 interface with the capability to transfer data between the 1394 phy-link interface, the PCI bus interface, and external devices connected to the local bus interface. The IEEE supported 1394 standard was born out of a need for a flexible and cost-effective way to share real-time information among data-intensive applications such as digital camcorders, digital VCRs, and digital video disks(DVD). As an all-digital interface, 1394 was first used in digital cameras to replace existing analog transmission interfaces that significantly degrade the quality of the output picture. We use brands interchangeably for this item. Retail box. Model no: FW-PCI-323.

Features:

·  Supports up to 63 devices that can be run simultaneously on a system

·  Texas Instruments IEEE 1394 chipset on-board

·  32-bit PCI Bus Master design

·  Supports the Plug-and-Play Specification

·  1394 is an IEEE standard for a high-speed, low cost serial bus

·  Both asynchronous and isochronous data transfers are supported

·  Designed to IEEE1394 Open Host Controller interface Specification

·  Provides Four General Purpose I/Os

Minimum System Requirements: PC with Pentium 200MHz or faster processor; Available PCI slot with v2.1 or above; 32MB of memory; Windows 98 Second Edition of future Windows platforms; 80MB of available hard disk space(for digital video capture only); 4MB AGP or PCI video card, with true-color(24bit) or hi-color(16bit) display, 800x600 pixels (for digital video capture only); 4X CD-ROM drive (for digital video capture only).

Additional Recommended System Requirements; PC with Pentium II 266MHz or faster processor; 64MB of memory; EIDE or faster hard disk drive(for digital video capture only); Sound card (for digital video capture only)

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Keep You PC Clean and Error Free with CCleaner - A must have Utility

CCleaner is a freeware system optimization and privacy tool. It removes unused files from your system - allowing Windows to run faster and freeing up valuable hard disk space. It also cleans traces of your online activities such as your Internet history. But the best part is that it’s fast (normally taking less than a second to run) and contains NO Spyware or Adware! CCleaner 2.11.636 Changes: - Optimized startup and closing of application. - Improved Registry cleaning on 64-bit OS. - Improved memory usage on Windows Vista. - Added System Tray icon status. - Internal refactoring of code for efficiency. - Improved Uninstall Tool accuracy with MSI installers. - Fixed bug in Uninstall Tool on 64-bit OS. - Fixed bug in INI file folder recursion. - Fixed bug in INI file OS detection. - Added Live Messenger cleaning for .SQM files. - Added Vietnamese translation. - Minor tweaks and improvements.

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Desktop

After you have started the computer, the area you are looking at is called the desktop. "desktop" will always refer to the whole area of the monitor screen.

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Folder

A folder is one of the containers you will be using to store or locate your work. You will eventually learn how to create and manipulate folders. The My Computer, Network Neighborhood, and Recycle Bin programs are a kind of folder referred to as System Folder(s), they come standard with your computer. They have fancy (artistic) icons. The folders you create are in yellow color with a small tab and are considered "user created" folders.

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Recycle Bin

When you get rid of (delete) some things on your computer (folders or files), they go to an area called the Recycle Bin where you still have a chance of recalling (retrieving or restoring) them.

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Network Neighborhood

You use Network Neighborhood to communicate with other computers if yours is part of a network.

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My Computer

My Computer is used to explore the content of your computer and to do other routine things.

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Shareware

What is shareware? 

Shareware is software that you ‘Try before you buy it’. Some shareware has no price, instead the author may give it away free (freeware) or ask for a “donation” of money.But most shareware has a price, and the free trial ends after (1) so many uses or (2) or so many days or(3) has some features crippled or (4) some combination of 1, 2 and 3. In addition there may be demo shareware which demonstrates some of the features of the software but demo software is not shareware unless you can add a “key” (you pay for the key) and activate the demo to a full version.I use shareware more than I use conventional software. But like regular software shareware has its problems, and can even have problems that on’t exist in conventional software.
 

Problems with shareware:Some shareware titles contain ads, adware, spyware and other noxious software. If you are going to use shareware you need to have on your computer working and updated: (1) antivirus (paid versions such as one of the following: Norton Antivirus, PC-Cillin, McCafee, Computer Associates, Panda work best, (2) anti adware/anti spyware/ anti worm software such as Microsoft’s free antispyware.Other problems include the software not being fully windows compliant and causing bugs on your computers performance, the author retiring (giving up and failing to support the product), plus all the ordinary problems you can have with any software such as difficulty removing the software when you want to remove it.Visit the shareware author’s website and see if the author states there is no adware, etc. in the software.

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Laptop Computer

Laptop : A laptop is also called a notebook. A laptop is only physically smaller than a desktop but, everything considered, it can do anything that a desktop can do. A computer is called laptop that you can carry it on your laps when traveling or commuting.

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Desktop Computer

Desktop : A desktop computer is made of different parts that are connected with cables.The monitor would be placed on top of the table. This is the most common type of computers used in the office or at home.

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Backup

Where to Back Up?

• Disks - This is the least desirable option for two reasons. First, floppy disks do not hold very much. Second, they fail fairly often, and seem to do so just when you need them most. I tell people that they should never store anything important on a floppy disk. Floppy disks are for moving files, not storing files.

• Drive - This is an excellent choice as long as you are careful about picking which things to back up. You cannot do a complete backup of your entire hard drive this way, but I will argue later that for most of us we do not need to a complete backup of our hard drive anyway. Zip drives are just one of several brands of large-capacity drives which hold 100-200 MB of data on a single disk. So if you have one of the other brands that will work out just fine as well.

• Recordable - A blank CD will hold 650MB of data, and the disks themselves are cheap, as low as $1 a piece in quantity. If your hard drive is not too large, you could use several of these to a do a complete backup as well. If you want to look at this option, experts suggest that you stick to SCSI drives only unless you like making coasters. The drive itself will probably cost around $250-300 for a decent one, plus a SCSI controller card if you don't already have one, which can cost $50-100 more.

• Tape - If you are going to do a complete backup of your entire hard drive, this is the usual way to go. There are people who need to do this. Usually, they are System Administrators backing up the hard drives of Network Servers. Most home users do not really need to do this. If you already have a tape drive, by all means use it for backups. But if you don't already have one, you might be better off buying a Zip drive or the equivalent.

• Web site - Yes, there are now places online that will give you free storage space, often in amounts as large as 250 MB. This is great if you don't have any other option for storing your critical files. But news reports say half of all Dot.Coms will go out of business next year. What if one of them takes all of your backups with them when they go? I have never been able to convince myself that storing my backups online is really a good idea. There are companies that do this for a fee that are quite reliable, but they cost a lot and are aimed at corporate clients.

• Network Drive - These days, more and more people have two or more computers in the home, and they are starting to network those computers. This is a great opportunity for a backup solution as well. If you have a server on your network, you can back up to the server. If your network is peer-to-peer, computers can backup to each other!

• Second hard drive - If your computer has a second hard drive, backing up to that second drive can at least protect you against data loss due to hard drive failure. That is better than no backup at all.

• Different directory - This does not give you much protection, but it does protect you against file corruption in the original files, including some types of virus infections. It is the most minimal protection, but better than nothing.

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Search Engine

In order to make use of Easily Search Engine Submission, your domain name MUST be hosted with Easily. Search Engine Submission does NOT work for domains which use web forwarding to point to the website, or are hosted on our basic EasilyMe package.

HOW DOES IT WORK?
1. Submission of your web site every month to the 400+ major global and regional search engines (Google, AOL, Wanadoo, Yahoo!, Altavista etc).
2. Submission report by email every month detailing what search engines you have been submitted to.
3. Rank tracking and link popularity report via your control panel.

Here is a partial list of the search engines & directories we submit your website to:

Major search engines and directories
Yahoo!, Google, MSN, AOL, Overture, Excite, Lycos, iWon, HotBot, DogPile, Ask Jeeves, WebCrawler, MetaCrawler, InfoSpace, Netscape Search, Alltheweb, About, Alexa, Go, Looksmart, NBCi, Search King, Search.com, Espotting, EarthLink, ScrubTheWeb, Mamma, Teoma, Altavista

2nd level search engines and directories
WhatUSeek, WiseNut, ICQ, Euroseek, Go2net, Enhance, Gigablast, Vivisimo, ExactSeek, Nation, Wired, Surfwax, ixQuick, Infontware, Fazzle, infoGrid, ZapMeta, Finger, MetaEureka, Aeiwi, EntireWeb, Jayde, 100hot.com

General Search Engines
Turbo10, QueryServer, CurryGuide, ithaki.net, B Central, API Links, CanLinks, 2Kcity, Aesop, Allestra, Beamed, Coyotesearch, CozyCabin, Goto411, Hidden Street, IdoFind, Imarvel, Info Apex, Intel Search, Jblue, MixCat, NerdWorld, NetSearch, Newwebstuff, PrimeFind, Raging Banners Search, Search Ave, Search it, SurfGopher Directory, TureSEarch, Try America, Turnpike Emporium, Voyager, Web Trawler, 1CokeMKG Link Page, 1TennPuters Link Page, Aatrax, AdWebZone, classified2000, Cognigen Telecom, Emailpromoter, F10, Multilinks, Netrogenic, Submit One, Super P, The Rail Links, Traffic Wave, TrueMoney4u, 911Hits, FFA Farm, Link2U

UK Specific Search Engines
Yahoo UK, Google UK, MSN UK, Netscape UK, AOL UK, Mirago, Abacho UK, Wanadoo, global.net.uk, BBC, Doras, FindOnce, Excite UK, Foundya, HotBot UK, Official Site Register, Search UK, Spark Search, searchengine UK, Selu, UKDirectory

Plus many hundreds more!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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Wireless or Computer Networking

In the world of computers, networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of sharing data. Networks are built with a mix of computer hardware and computer software.

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IP Address

Definition: The IP address 192.168.0.1 is the default for certain home broadband routers, principally various D-Link and Netgear models. This address is set by the manufacturer at the factory, but you can change it at any time using the network router's administrative console.
192.168.0.1 is a private IPv4 network address. Home routers can use it to establish the [default gateway. On such routers, you can access its administrative console by pointing a Web browser to http://192.168.0.1.
Any brand of router, or any computer on a local network for that matter, can be set to use this address or a comparable private IPv4 address. As with any IP address, only one device on the network should use 192.168.0.1 to avoid address conflicts.

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Windows Version

* Microsoft Windows XP Professional
* Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Datacenter Edition (32-Bit x86)
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Datacenter x64 Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise Edition (32-Bit x86)
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise x64 Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Standard Edition (32-bit x86)
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 Standard x64 Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition (32-bit x86)
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Datacenter x64 Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Enterprise x64 Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition (32-bit x86)
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Standard x64 Edition
* Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition (32-bit x86)
* Windows Server 2008 Datacenter without Hyper-V
* Windows Server 2008 Enterprise without Hyper-V
* Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems
* Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter
* Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter without Hyper-V
* Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise
* Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise without Hyper-V
* Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard
* Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard without Hyper-V
* Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2
* Windows Server 2008 Standard without Hyper-V
* Windows Server 2008 Datacenter
* Windows Server 2008 Enterprise
* Windows Server 2008 Standard
* Windows Vista Enterprise 64-bit Edition
* Windows Vista Home Basic 64-bit Edition
* Windows Vista Home Premium 64-bit Edition
* Windows Vista Ultimate 64-bit Edition
* Windows Vista Business
* Windows Vista Enterprise
* Windows Vista Home Basic
* Windows Vista Starter
* Windows Vista Ultimate

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COMPUTER VIRUS

A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer without permission or knowledge of the user. However, the term "virus" is commonly used, albeit erroneously, to refer to many different types of malware programs. The original virus may modify the copies, or the copies may modify themselves, as occurs in a metamorphic virus. A virus can only spread from one computer to another when its host is taken to the uninfected computer, for instance by a user sending it over a network or the Internet, or by carrying it on a removable medium such as a floppy disk, CD, or USB drive. Additionally, viruses can spread to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by another computer. Viruses are sometimes confused with computer worms and Trojan horses. A worm can spread itself to other computers without needing to be transferred as part of a host, and a Trojan horse is a file that appears harmless until executed.

Most personal computers are now connected to the Internet and to local area networks, facilitating the spread of malicious code. Today's viruses may also take advantage of network services such as the World Wide Web, e-mail, and file sharing systems to spread, blurring the line between viruses and worms. Furthermore, some sources use an alternative terminology in which a virus is any form of self-replicating malware.

Some viruses are programmed to damage the computer by damaging programs, deleting files, or reformatting the hard disk. Others are not designed to do any damage, but simply replicate themselves and perhaps make their presence known by presenting text, video, or audio messages. Even these benign viruses can create problems for the computer user. They typically take up computer memory used by legitimate programs. As a result, they often cause erratic behavior and can result in system crashes. In addition, many viruses are bug-ridden, and these bugs may lead to system crashes and data loss.

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Video Card

Your video card performs the function of displaying the screen you see on the monitor. Inside the video card is a special kind of memory called video memory, where information is stored that represents what you see on the screen. If you look closely at the screen you can see that it is made up of many dots, or pixels. Each pixel's color and brightness is stored in the video memory. When the computer wants to display something, it calculates how it needs to change the color and brightness of the different pixels, and changes the values in the video memory. The video card then presents the new pixels to you on the monitor. In modern computers, this calculating job is shared between the processor and the video card itself. Having the video card do the calculation can often be much faster, because the video card is specialized to do these types of calculations. Also, while the video card is doing this work, the processor can go on to other things.

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